大豆单倍体快速育种技术重要进展

   中国农业大学陈绍江教授在玉米单倍体育种技术研究和应用方面取得突破性进展，极大提高了育种效率。目前，单倍体育种已成为现代玉米育种的关键核心技术，基于关键诱导基因的发现，该技术已拓展至小麦、番茄等10多个主要农作物。

   beat365官方网站陈庆山团队与中国农业大学beat365陈绍江团队合作，由团队成员杨明亮副教授、钟裕教授、刘晨旭副教授、博士生程德荷及刘春燕副教授、徐畅副教授等人员协同攻关，成功证明了玉米单倍体诱导基因ZmDMP在大豆中同源基因GmDMP1和GmDMP2突变，可诱导产生一定比例的单倍体，且发现大豆单倍体具有较高比例的自然加倍，为进一步创建大豆单倍体快速育种技术提供了重要支撑。

   单倍体育种技术能够实现育种材料的快速纯合，大大加快选系进程，是大豆快速育种的突破性关键技术，通过融合生物育种技术，有望攻克传统育种周期长、稳定慢、选择难的技术瓶颈，全面推进我国大豆单倍体快速育种技术升级应用。（Mutation ofGmDMPgenes triggers haploid induction in soybean.www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.03.24.585499v1）

陈庆山教授与陈绍江教授进行大豆单倍体田间鉴定

陈绍江教授与杨明亮副教授进行大豆单倍体调查

Figure 1Mutation ofGmDMPgenestriggers haploid induction insoybean.

(a)The CRISPR/Cas9 mutagenesis vector comprising four sgRNAs targetingGmDMP.(b)Schematic representation ofGmDMP1andGmDMP2gene structures and genome editing experimental design. Filledblocks indicate the coding region. Green blocks correspond to the regions encoding the four predicted transmembrane domains (TMs). Red lines indicatethe four regions (T1–4) targeted by sgRNAs. The relevant sequences from the wild-type (WT) and mutant alleles are shown below the gene structureschematics.(c) Inducerseeds with varying degrees of abortion. (d-j) Phenotypes of plants (d), leaves(e),bean pods (f), flower buds (g), and dissected flower parts (h,i,j) of haploid and diploid plants. (k) Haploid(H)and diploid(D)anthers after staining with potassium iodide. (l) Flow cytometryconfirmation of the ploidy of a putative haploid and a diploid control.(m)Haploid plant at harvest time(m1:Solid haploid pod,m2: Unsolid haploid pod).(n)Haploid induction rate (HIR) of WT orgmdmpmutant byselfing.(o) seed setting rate of haploid.Scale bars:1cm (c,f),5cm (d),4cm (e),5mm (f),2mm (g), 1mm (h, i and j), 0.1mm (k).